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SourcesSumber Reference listSenarai rujukan

Sources Sumber

The published and unpublished works consulted while researching and building this website, kept in one place rather than scattered across every page. Bahan diterbitkan dan tidak diterbitkan yang dirujuk semasa membuat kajian dan membina laman web ini, dihimpunkan di satu tempat dan bukan ditaburkan pada setiap halaman.

This list exists for one reason: so the reference material behind this website lives somewhere, without turning every page of a personal fan project into a footnoted paper. See Senarai ini wujud atas satu sebab sahaja: supaya bahan rujukan di sebalik laman web ini disimpan di satu tempat, tanpa menjadikan setiap halaman sebuah projek peminat peribadi kelihatan seperti kertas kajian bernota kaki. Lihat About This WebsiteTentang Laman Web Ini for what pramlee.cc is and isn’t — this page is simply where the reading list lives. untuk memahami apa itu pramlee.cc — halaman ini cumalah tempat senarai bacaan disimpan.

Some entries below carry a bracketed note that a citation detail is still to be confirmed. They are listed as they stand rather than left out.Sesetengah entri di bawah membawa nota berkurung menyatakan sesuatu butiran rujukan masih perlu disahkan. Ia disenaraikan sepertimana adanya dan tidak digugurkan.

Unpublished SourcesSumber Belum Diterbitkan

  1. Dominions Office to High Commissioners, 21 January 1946, CO 537/1528.Dominions Office to High Commissioners, 21 January 1946, CO 537/1528.
  2. “Interviews with Buang bin Junid on 1 April, 1987”, Oral History Records: Political Development in Singapore 1945-1965, National Archives of Singapore.“Interviews with Buang bin Junid on 1 April, 1987”, Oral History Records: Political Development in Singapore 1945-1965, National Archives of Singapore.
  3. National Education Website: http://www.moe.gov.sg/ne/sgstory/bthosweeire.htmNational Education Website: http://www.moe.gov.sg/ne/sgstory/bthosweeire.htm

Published SourcesSumber Diterbitkan

  1. Archives & Oral History Department et al., Emergence of Bukit Ho Swee Estate: From Desolation to Progress. Singapore: Singapore News & Publications Limited, 1983.Archives & Oral History Department et al., Emergence of Bukit Ho Swee Estate: From Desolation to Progress. Singapore: Singapore News & Publications Limited, 1983.
  2. Abdullah Hussain, P. Ramlee: Kisah Hidup Seniman Agung. Petaling Jaya: Pena, 1984.Abdullah Hussain, P. Ramlee: Kisah Hidup Seniman Agung. Petaling Jaya: Pena, 1984.
  3. Ahmad Sarji, P. Ramlee: Erti Yang Sakti. Kuala Lumpur: Pelanduk Publications, 1999.Ahmad Sarji, P. Ramlee: Erti Yang Sakti. Kuala Lumpur: Pelanduk Publications, 1999.
  4. Alatas, Syed Hussein, Modernization and Social Change: Studies in Modernization, Religion, Social Change and Development in South-East Asia. Sydney: Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1972.Alatas, Syed Hussein, Modernization and Social Change: Studies in Modernization, Religion, Social Change and Development in South-East Asia. Sydney: Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1972.
  5. A.M. Thani, Esei Sastera ASAS 50. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1981.A.M. Thani, Esei Sastera ASAS 50. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1981.
  6. ASAS 50, Memoranda Angkatan Sasterawan 50. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press, 1961.ASAS 50, Memoranda Angkatan Sasterawan 50. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press, 1961.
  7. Barnard, Timothy P., “Chickens, Cakes and Kitchen: Food and Modernity in Malay Films of the 1950s and 1960s”, in Reel Food: Essays on Food and Film, ed. Anne L. Bower. New York: Routledge, 2004, pp. 75–85.Barnard, Timothy P., “Chickens, Cakes and Kitchen: Food and Modernity in Malay Films of the 1950s and 1960s”, in Reel Food: Essays on Food and Film, ed. Anne L. Bower. New York: Routledge, 2004, pp. 75–85.
  8. Barnard Timothy P. and Aljunied, “Malays in Singapore: 1300–1959”, in Malay Heritage in Singapore, ed. Aileen Lau. Singapore: Suntree Media, 2006, forthcoming.Barnard Timothy P. and Aljunied, “Malays in Singapore: 1300–1959”, in Malay Heritage in Singapore, ed. Aileen Lau. Singapore: Suntree Media, 2006, forthcoming.
  9. Djamour, Judith, Malay Kinship and Marriage in Singapore. New York: The Athlone Press, 1965.Djamour, Judith, Malay Kinship and Marriage in Singapore. New York: The Athlone Press, 1965.
  10. ________, The Muslim Matrimonial Court in Singapore. New York: The Athlone Press, 1966.________, The Muslim Matrimonial Court in Singapore. New York: The Athlone Press, 1966.
  11. Harding, James and Ahmad Sarji, P. Ramlee: The Bright Star. Selangor: Pelanduk Publications, 2002.Harding, James and Ahmad Sarji, P. Ramlee: The Bright Star. Selangor: Pelanduk Publications, 2002.
  12. Dyer, Richard, “Introduction to Film studies”, in Hill, John and Gibson, Pamela Church, The Oxford Guide to Film Studies. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998, pp. 3–10.Dyer, Richard, “Introduction to Film studies”, in Hill, John and Gibson, Pamela Church, The Oxford Guide to Film Studies. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998, pp. 3–10.
  13. Hanna, Willard A., The Malays’ Singapore. New York: American Universities Field Staff, 1966.Hanna, Willard A., The Malays’ Singapore. New York: American Universities Field Staff, 1966.
  14. Ismail Kassim, Problems of Elite Cohesion: A Perspective from a Minority Community. Singapore: Singapore University Press, 1974.Ismail Kassim, Problems of Elite Cohesion: A Perspective from a Minority Community. Singapore: Singapore University Press, 1974.
  15. Lau, Albert, The Malayan Union Controversy 1942–1948. Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1990.Lau, Albert, The Malayan Union Controversy 1942–1948. Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1990.
  16. Li, Tania, Malays in Singapore: Culture, Economy, and Ideology. Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1989.Li, Tania, Malays in Singapore: Culture, Economy, and Ideology. Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1989.
  17. Mahirin Hassan, “P. Ramlee – A Son of Penang”, Malaysia in History 22 (1979).Mahirin Hassan, “P. Ramlee – A Son of Penang”, Malaysia in History 22 (1979).
  18. Milner, A.C., “Colonial Records History: British Malaya”, Kajian Malaysia 4, 2 (1986): 1–18.Milner, A.C., “Colonial Records History: British Malaya”, Kajian Malaysia 4, 2 (1986): 1–18.
  19. Othman Wok, Never in my Wildest Dreams. Singapore: Singapore National Printers, 2000.Othman Wok, Never in my Wildest Dreams. Singapore: Singapore National Printers, 2000.
  20. Prince, Stephen R., Movies and Meaning: An Introduction to Film. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1997.Prince, Stephen R., Movies and Meaning: An Introduction to Film. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1997.
  21. Ramlee Ismail, Kenangan Abadi P. Ramlee. Kuala Lumpur: Adhicipta, 1988.Ramlee Ismail, Kenangan Abadi P. Ramlee. Kuala Lumpur: Adhicipta, 1988.
  22. Said Zahari, Dark Clouds At Dawn: A Political Memoir. Kuala Lumpur: Insan, 2001.Said Zahari, Dark Clouds At Dawn: A Political Memoir. Kuala Lumpur: Insan, 2001.
  23. Stockwell, A.J., British Policy and Malay Politics during the Malayan Union Experiment 1945–1948. Singapore: Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1979.Stockwell, A.J., British Policy and Malay Politics during the Malayan Union Experiment 1945–1948. Singapore: Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1979.
  24. Syed Husin Ali, The Malays: Their Problems and Future. Kuala Lumpur: Heinemann Asia, 1981.Syed Husin Ali, The Malays: Their Problems and Future. Kuala Lumpur: Heinemann Asia, 1981.
  25. Tham, Seong Chee, Malays and Modernization: A Sociological Interpretation. Singapore: Singapore University Press, 1983.Tham, Seong Chee, Malays and Modernization: A Sociological Interpretation. Singapore: Singapore University Press, 1983.
  26. Ungku Maimunah Mohd. Tahir, Modern Malay Literary Culture: A Historical Perspective. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1987.Ungku Maimunah Mohd. Tahir, Modern Malay Literary Culture: A Historical Perspective. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1987.
  27. Wan Hamzah Awang, Manusia P. Ramlee. Kuala Lumpur: Fajar Bakti, 1993.Wan Hamzah Awang, Manusia P. Ramlee. Kuala Lumpur: Fajar Bakti, 1993.
  28. Yusnor Ef, P. Ramlee Yang Saya Kenal. Selangor: Pelanduk Publications, 2000.Yusnor Ef, P. Ramlee Yang Saya Kenal. Selangor: Pelanduk Publications, 2000.
  29. Zakiah Hanum, Sepanjang Riwayatku. Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publications, 1984.Zakiah Hanum, Sepanjang Riwayatku. Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publications, 1984.

ReferencesRujukan

  1. Adil Johan. (2019). Cosmopolitan Intimacies: Malay Film Music in the Lifetime of P. Ramlee. Amsterdam University Press.Adil Johan. (2019). Cosmopolitan Intimacies: Malay Film Music in the Lifetime of P. Ramlee. Amsterdam University Press.
  2. Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid. (1996). P. Ramlee: The Bright Star. Pelanduk Publications.Ahmad Sarji Abdul Hamid. (1996). P. Ramlee: The Bright Star. Pelanduk Publications.
  3. Arkib Negara Malaysia. (1986). Records relating to the establishment and collections of Pustaka Peringatan P. Ramlee. [Archival citation to be completed from catalogue record.]Arkib Negara Malaysia. (1986). Records relating to the establishment and collections of Pustaka Peringatan P. Ramlee. [Archival citation to be completed from catalogue record.]
  4. Assmann, J. (2011). Cultural Memory and Early Civilization: Writing, Remembrance, and Political Imagination. Cambridge University Press.Assmann, J. (2011). Cultural Memory and Early Civilization: Writing, Remembrance, and Political Imagination. Cambridge University Press.
  5. Barker, T. (2019). Indigenizing the Cold War: Nation-Building by Shaw Brothers in Singapore and Malaya. Hong Kong University Press.Barker, T. (2019). Indigenizing the Cold War: Nation-Building by Shaw Brothers in Singapore and Malaya. Hong Kong University Press.
  6. Barnard, T. P. (2018). Decolonization and the Nation in Malay Film, 1955–1965. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 49(1), 1–21.Barnard, T. P. (2018). Decolonization and the Nation in Malay Film, 1955–1965. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 49(1), 1–21.
  7. Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur. (1982). Record/gazette relating to the renaming of Jalan Parry as Jalan P. Ramlee. [Exact gazette citation to be verified.]Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur. (1982). Record/gazette relating to the renaming of Jalan Parry as Jalan P. Ramlee. [Exact gazette citation to be verified.]
  8. Hassan Abd. Muthalib. (2013). Malaysian Cinema in a Bottle: A Century of Malaysian Cinema. Gerakbudaya.Hassan Abd. Muthalib. (2013). Malaysian Cinema in a Bottle: A Century of Malaysian Cinema. Gerakbudaya.
  9. Hobsbawm, E., & Ranger, T. (Eds.). (1983). The Invention of Tradition. Cambridge University Press.Hobsbawm, E., & Ranger, T. (Eds.). (1983). The Invention of Tradition. Cambridge University Press.
  10. Jabatan Perdana Menteri. (1962). Federal honours record: Ahli Mangku Negara. Bahagian Istiadat. [Exact record citation to be verified.]Jabatan Perdana Menteri. (1962). Federal honours record: Ahli Mangku Negara. Bahagian Istiadat. [Exact record citation to be verified.]
  11. Jabatan Perdana Menteri. (1990). Federal honours record: Panglima Setia Mahkota. Bahagian Istiadat. [Exact record citation to be verified.]Jabatan Perdana Menteri. (1990). Federal honours record: Panglima Setia Mahkota. Bahagian Istiadat. [Exact record citation to be verified.]
  12. Kahn, J. S. (2006). Other Malays: Nationalism and Cosmopolitanism in the Modern Malay World. Singapore University Press.Kahn, J. S. (2006). Other Malays: Nationalism and Cosmopolitanism in the Modern Malay World. Singapore University Press.
  13. Lockard, C. A. (1998). Dance of Life: Popular Music and Politics in Southeast Asia. University of Hawai‘i Press.Lockard, C. A. (1998). Dance of Life: Popular Music and Politics in Southeast Asia. University of Hawai‘i Press.
  14. Nora, P. (1989). Between Memory and History: Les Lieux de Mémoire. Representations, 26, 7–24.Nora, P. (1989). Between Memory and History: Les Lieux de Mémoire. Representations, 26, 7–24.
  15. Radio Televisyen Malaysia. Broadcast schedules and programme logs relating to P. Ramlee programming, 1973–1990. [Representative dates and archive identifiers to be inserted after verification.]Radio Televisyen Malaysia. Broadcast schedules and programme logs relating to P. Ramlee programming, 1973–1990. [Representative dates and archive identifiers to be inserted after verification.]
  16. Utusan Malaysia. (1983, 17 June). “Mahathir mahu langkah berkesan kenang Seniman Agung P. Ramlee.” [Publication details to be verified against original issue.]Utusan Malaysia. (1983, 17 June). “Mahathir mahu langkah berkesan kenang Seniman Agung P. Ramlee.” [Publication details to be verified against original issue.]
  17. Utusan Zaman. (1978, 28 May). “Mengenang Lima Tahun Pemergian Seniman P. Ramlee.” [Publication details to be verified against original issue.]Utusan Zaman. (1978, 28 May). “Mengenang Lima Tahun Pemergian Seniman P. Ramlee.” [Publication details to be verified against original issue.]
  18. Van der Heide, W. (2014). Malaysian Cinema, Asian Film: Border Crossings and National Cultures. Amsterdam University Press.Van der Heide, W. (2014). Malaysian Cinema, Asian Film: Border Crossings and National Cultures. Amsterdam University Press.
  19. Warta Kerajaan Negeri Sarawak. (2009). Record relating to the posthumous conferment of a Sarawak state honour on P. Ramlee. [Exact gazette citation to be verified.]Warta Kerajaan Negeri Sarawak. (2009). Record relating to the posthumous conferment of a Sarawak state honour on P. Ramlee. [Exact gazette citation to be verified.]
  20. Malaysia. Copyright Act 1987 (Act 332), as amended. [Relevant provisions and application to specific works to be verified before submission.]Malaysia. Copyright Act 1987 (Act 332), as amended. [Relevant provisions and application to specific works to be verified before submission.]

NotesNota

  1. A.C. Milner, “Colonial Records History: British Malaya”, Kajian Malaysia 4, 2 (1986): 1–18.A.C. Milner, “Colonial Records History: British Malaya”, Kajian Malaysia 4, 2 (1986): 1–18.
  2. Timothy P. Barnard, “Chickens, Cakes and Kitchen: Food and Modernity in Malay Films of the 1950s and 1960s”, in Reel Food: Essays on Food and Film, ed. Anne L. Bower (New York: Routledge, 2004), pp. 76–7.Timothy P. Barnard, “Chickens, Cakes and Kitchen: Food and Modernity in Malay Films of the 1950s and 1960s”, in Reel Food: Essays on Food and Film, ed. Anne L. Bower (New York: Routledge, 2004), pp. 76–7.
  3. Timothy P. Barnard and Syed Muhd Khairuddin Aljunied, “Malays in Singapore: 1300–1959”, in Malay Heritage in Singapore, ed. Aileen Lau (Singapore: Suntree Media, 2006), forthcoming.Timothy P. Barnard and Syed Muhd Khairuddin Aljunied, “Malays in Singapore: 1300–1959”, in Malay Heritage in Singapore, ed. Aileen Lau (Singapore: Suntree Media, 2006), forthcoming.
  4. I am aware of the ongoing debates on the definition of “Malay” amongst scholars of varied fields. Tania Li in her book, Malays in Singapore: Culture, Economy, and Ideology (Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1989) had chosen to avoid such debates and get on with analysing the social group that she defined as “Malays”. Judith Nagata in her essay, “What is A Malay?” highlighted the inherent problem of using “Malay” as a social category in the context of Malaysia and Singapore due its fluidity in day-to-day practise. In the context of this essay, I have employed the definition given by Malaysian constitution that is; “Malay” is one who is a Muslim, habitually speaks the Malay language and follows the Malay custom or adat.I am aware of the ongoing debates on the definition of “Malay” amongst scholars of varied fields. Tania Li in her book, Malays in Singapore: Culture, Economy, and Ideology (Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1989) had chosen to avoid such debates and get on with analysing the social group that she defined as “Malays”. Judith Nagata in her essay, “What is A Malay?” highlighted the inherent problem of using “Malay” as a social category in the context of Malaysia and Singapore due its fluidity in day-to-day practise. In the context of this essay, I have employed the definition given by Malaysian constitution that is; “Malay” is one who is a Muslim, habitually speaks the Malay language and follows the Malay custom or adat.
  5. Mahirin Hassan, “P. Ramlee – A Son of Penang”, Malaysia in History 22 (1979): 1.Mahirin Hassan, “P. Ramlee – A Son of Penang”, Malaysia in History 22 (1979): 1.
  6. Tan Sri P. Ramlee, Seniman Bujang Lapok (Selangor: Common Voyage, 1961). “The Nitwit Movie Stars” is an inaccurate translation of the movie title. The proper Malay translation should be “The Downtrodden Unmarried Artistes”.Tan Sri P. Ramlee, Seniman Bujang Lapok (Selangor: Common Voyage, 1961). “The Nitwit Movie Stars” is an inaccurate translation of the movie title. The proper Malay translation should be “The Downtrodden Unmarried Artistes”.
  7. For a detailed description of the film, see Ahmad Sarji, P. Ramlee: Erti Yang Sakti, (Kuala Lumpur: Pelanduk Publications, 1999), pp. 349–52.For a detailed description of the film, see Ahmad Sarji, P. Ramlee: Erti Yang Sakti, (Kuala Lumpur: Pelanduk Publications, 1999), pp. 349–52.
  8. Wan Hamzah Awang, Manusia P. Ramlee (Kuala Lumpur: Fajar Bakti, 1993), p. 91.Wan Hamzah Awang, Manusia P. Ramlee (Kuala Lumpur: Fajar Bakti, 1993), p. 91.
  9. Jan Uhde and Yvonne Ng Uhde, Latent Images: Film in Singapore (Singapore: Oxford University Press, 2000), p. 13.Jan Uhde and Yvonne Ng Uhde, Latent Images: Film in Singapore (Singapore: Oxford University Press, 2000), p. 13.
  10. Yusnor Ef, P. Ramlee Yang Saya Kenal (Selangor: Pelanduk Publications, 2000), p. 42.Yusnor Ef, P. Ramlee Yang Saya Kenal (Selangor: Pelanduk Publications, 2000), p. 42.
  11. Ramlee Ismail, Kenangan Abadi P. Ramlee (Kuala Lumpur: Adhicipta, 1988), pp. 41–3.Ramlee Ismail, Kenangan Abadi P. Ramlee (Kuala Lumpur: Adhicipta, 1988), pp. 41–3.
  12. James Harding and Ahmad Sarji, P. Ramlee: The Bright Star (Selangor: Pelanduk Publications, 2002), p. 233.James Harding and Ahmad Sarji, P. Ramlee: The Bright Star (Selangor: Pelanduk Publications, 2002), p. 233.
  13. Richard Dyer, “Introduction to Film studies”, in John Hill and Pamela Church Gibson, The Oxford Guide to Film Studies (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998), p. 8.Richard Dyer, “Introduction to Film studies”, in John Hill and Pamela Church Gibson, The Oxford Guide to Film Studies (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998), p. 8.
  14. Tham, Seong Chee, Malays and Modernization: A Sociological Interpretation, (Singapore: Singapore University Press, 1983), p. 216.Tham, Seong Chee, Malays and Modernization: A Sociological Interpretation, (Singapore: Singapore University Press, 1983), p. 216.
  15. Dominions Office to High Commissioners, 21 January 1946, CO 537/1528. For insights into the Malayan Union scheme and subsequent reactions by various groups in Malaya, see A.J. Stockwell, British Policy and Malay Politics during the Malayan Union Experiment 1945–1948 (Singapore: Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1979); and Albert Lau, The Malayan Union Controversy 1942–1948 (Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1990).Dominions Office to High Commissioners, 21 January 1946, CO 537/1528. For insights into the Malayan Union scheme and subsequent reactions by various groups in Malaya, see A.J. Stockwell, British Policy and Malay Politics during the Malayan Union Experiment 1945–1948 (Singapore: Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1979); and Albert Lau, The Malayan Union Controversy 1942–1948 (Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1990).
  16. There have debates on the origins of Singapore UMNO. Some of its members asserted that SUMNO was formally established in 1952 yet existed as an informal organization since the late 1940s. See for example, “Interviews with Buang bin Junid on 1 April, 1987”, Oral History Records: Political Development in Singapore 1945–1965, National Archives of Singapore.There have debates on the origins of Singapore UMNO. Some of its members asserted that SUMNO was formally established in 1952 yet existed as an informal organization since the late 1940s. See for example, “Interviews with Buang bin Junid on 1 April, 1987”, Oral History Records: Political Development in Singapore 1945–1965, National Archives of Singapore.
  17. Ungku Maimunah Mohd. Tahir, Modern Malay Literary Culture: A Historical Perspective (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1987), pp. 33–42.Ungku Maimunah Mohd. Tahir, Modern Malay Literary Culture: A Historical Perspective (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1987), pp. 33–42.
  18. See ASAS 50, Memoranda Angkatan Sasterawan 50 (Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press, 1961).See ASAS 50, Memoranda Angkatan Sasterawan 50 (Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press, 1961).
  19. Keris Mas, 30 Tahun Sekitar Sastera (Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1979), p. 131.Keris Mas, 30 Tahun Sekitar Sastera (Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1979), p. 131.
  20. James Harding and Ahmad Sarji, P. Ramlee, p. 103.James Harding and Ahmad Sarji, P. Ramlee, p. 103.
  21. The “Bujang Lapok” series were:Siri “Bujang Lapok” ialah:
    • Bujang Lapok (1957)
    • Pendekar Bujang Lapok (1959)
    • Ali Baba Bujang Lapok (1961)
    • Seniman Bujang Lapok (1961)
  22. Zakiah Hanum, Sepanjang Riwayatku (Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publications, 1984), p. iii.Zakiah Hanum, Sepanjang Riwayatku (Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publications, 1984), p. iii.
  23. Tham, Seong Chee, Malays and Modernization, p. 216.Tham, Seong Chee, Malays and Modernization, p. 216.
  24. Wan Hamzah Awang, Manusia P. Ramlee, p. 75.Wan Hamzah Awang, Manusia P. Ramlee, p. 75.
  25. Othman Wok, Never in my Wildest Dreams (Singapore: Singapore National Printers, 2000), pp. 53–4.Othman Wok, Never in my Wildest Dreams (Singapore: Singapore National Printers, 2000), pp. 53–4.
  26. Ismail Kassim, Problems of Elite Cohesion: A Perspective from a Minority Community (Singapore: Singapore University Press, 1974), p. 36.Ismail Kassim, Problems of Elite Cohesion: A Perspective from a Minority Community (Singapore: Singapore University Press, 1974), p. 36.
  27. Said Zahari, Dark Clouds At Dawn: A Political Memoir (Kuala Lumpur: Insan, 2001), pp. 20–7.Said Zahari, Dark Clouds At Dawn: A Political Memoir (Kuala Lumpur: Insan, 2001), pp. 20–7.
  28. Ismail Kassim, Problems of Elite Cohesion, p. 37.Ismail Kassim, Problems of Elite Cohesion, p. 37.
  29. A. M. Thani, “Pendahuluan”, in A.M. Thani, Esei Sastera ASAS 50 (Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1981), pp. xxii–xxiii.A. M. Thani, “Pendahuluan”, in A.M. Thani, Esei Sastera ASAS 50 (Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1981), pp. xxii–xxiii.
  30. http://www.moe.gov.sg/ne/sgstory/bthosweeire.htm. See also, Archives & Oral History Department et al., Emergence of Bukit Ho Swee Estate: From Desolation to Progress (Singapore: Singapore News & Publications Limited, 1983).http://www.moe.gov.sg/ne/sgstory/bthosweeire.htm. See also, Archives & Oral History Department et al., Emergence of Bukit Ho Swee Estate: From Desolation to Progress (Singapore: Singapore News & Publications Limited, 1983).
  31. Judith Djamour, Malay Kinship and Marriage in Singapore (New York: The Athlone Press, 1965), p. 83.Judith Djamour, Malay Kinship and Marriage in Singapore (New York: The Athlone Press, 1965), p. 83.
  32. Judith Djamour, The Muslim Matrimonial Court in Singapore (New York: The Athlone Press, 1966), pp. 26–32.Judith Djamour, The Muslim Matrimonial Court in Singapore (New York: The Athlone Press, 1966), pp. 26–32.
  33. Syed Hussein Alatas, Modernization and Social Change: Studies in Modernization, Religion, Social Change and Development in South-East Asia (Sydney: Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1972), p. 58.Syed Hussein Alatas, Modernization and Social Change: Studies in Modernization, Religion, Social Change and Development in South-East Asia (Sydney: Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1972), p. 58.
  34. Syed Husin Ali, The Malays: Their Problems and Future (Kuala Lumpur: Heinemann Asia, 1981), p. 42.Syed Husin Ali, The Malays: Their Problems and Future (Kuala Lumpur: Heinemann Asia, 1981), p. 42.
  35. Willard A. Hanna, The Malays’ Singapore (New York: American Universities Field Staff, 1966), Part II, p. 10.Willard A. Hanna, The Malays’ Singapore (New York: American Universities Field Staff, 1966), Part II, p. 10.
  36. Abdullah Hussain, P. Ramlee: Kisah Hidup Seniman Agung (Petaling Jaya: Pena, 1984).Abdullah Hussain, P. Ramlee: Kisah Hidup Seniman Agung (Petaling Jaya: Pena, 1984).